镍基MOF电极材料物理超声改性及电化学性能

采用水热法合成了以4,4′-联苯二甲酸(BPDC)为配体的Ni-金属有机框架(MOF),利用低成本、无污染的物理超声法在不改变Ni-MOF晶体结构的前提下对其进行改性,使块状Ni-MOF表面产生孔隙,改善Ni-MOF表面微/纳米结构,提高其电化学性能。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图、X射线衍射(XRD)谱、循环伏安(CV)曲线和恒电流充放电(GCD)曲线分析了改性前后Ni-MOF的微结构形貌和电化学性能。结果表明,经过超声处理后,Ni-MOF的比表面积从40.6 m^2·g^-1增加到65.8 m^2·g^-1,平均孔径从12 nm增加到22 nm。在0.5 A·g^-1电流密度下,超声处理后Ni-MOF电极比电容从420 F·g^-1增加到515 F·g^-1,提高了22.6%,电荷转移电阻明显降低,从25.11Ω降低到15.51Ω。因此,物理超声法可有效改善Ni-MOF表面微/纳米结构,提高其电化学性能。     

Discovery of Ubonodin,an Antimicrobial Lasso Peptide Active against Members of the Burkholderia cepacia Complex

We report the heterologous expression, structure, and antimicrobial activity of a lasso peptide, ubonodin, encoded in the genome of Burkholderia ubonensis. The topology of ubonodin is unprecedented amongst lasso peptides, with 18 of its 28 amino acids found in the mechanically bonded loop segment. Ubonodin inhibits RNA polymerase in vitro and has potent antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic members of the Burkholderia genus, most notably B. cepacia and B. multivorans, causative agents of lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients.     

蒸压加气混凝土砌块生产线升级改造技术简析

目前,在加气混凝土行业中有很多的企业都在寻求扩大生产规模,以自动化、规模化生产寻求发展。目前行业中企业最大规模达200多万m3/a,近年来新上生产线行业平均规模25万m3/a以上,年生产规模50万m3的企业数明显增加。在原有生产线基础上改扩建年产40万m3加气混凝土砌块及板材生产线已成为加气混凝土企业的普遍现象,这样的项目建设既可使电厂排放的粉煤灰及脱硫石膏等资源得到充分利用,又可以缓解周边新型墙材市场供求紧张局面,且兼顾适应未来装配式建筑构件的发展,同时还可以改善当地环境状况,取得较好的企业经济效益。     

Right Way of Using Graphene Oxide Additives for Water-Lubricated PEEK: Adding in Polymer or Water?

Water-lubricated polymer is attracting more and more interest from the industry. Adding nanoparticles is considered to be an effective way to improve the tribological performance. In this work, water-lubricated Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-steel contacts were employed as the objects of study. A careful comparative study was made by investigating the effect of adding graphene oxide (GO) into water or into PEEK. Results show that adding GO into water can significantly reduce the wear and friction coefficient of pure PEEK, which is much more effective than adding GO into PEEK. Under the lubrication of GO aqueous dispersion, the wear of PEEK remains very low even under a harsh condition where the pressure reaches 50 MPa and the linear sliding speed is 0.7 m/s. Neat PEEK and GO/PEEK composites in pure water exhibit serious wear under this harsh condition. The excellent lubricating properties of GO aqueous dispersion are attributed to GO nanosheets entering into solid contacts, which can not only form a protective layer on steel counterpart repairing the worn surface, but also strongly adhere to the PEEK matrix resulting in an in situ-formed GO coating and prevent the scratch by steel counterpart.     

Biodegradable Spheres Protect Traumatically Injured Spinal Cord by Alleviating the Glutamate‐Induced Excitotoxicity

New treatment strategies for spinal cord injury with good therapeutic efficacy are actively pursued. Here, acetalated dextran (AcDX), a biodegradable polymer obtained by modifying vicinal diols of dextran, is demonstrated to protect the traumatically injured spinal cord. To facilitate its administration, AcDX is formulated into microspheres (≈7.2 µm in diameter) by the droplet microfluidic technique. Intrathecally injected AcDX microspheres effectively reduce the traumatic lesion volume and inflammatory response in the injured spinal cord, protect the spinal cord neurons from apoptosis, and ultimately, recover the locomotor function of injured rats. The neuroprotective feature of AcDX microspheres is achieved by sequestering glutamate and calcium ions in cerebrospinal fluid. The scavenging of glutamate and calcium ion reduces the influx of calcium ions into neurons and inhibits the formation of reactive oxygen species. Consequently, AcDX microspheres attenuate the expression of proapoptotic proteins, Calpain, and Bax, and enhance the expression of antiapoptotic protein Bcl‐2. Overall, AcDX microspheres protect traumatically injured spinal cord by alleviating the glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity. This study opens an exciting perspective toward the application of neuroprotective AcDX for the treatment of severe neurological diseases.     

基于多代理系统的快速分布式微网经济调度方法

为满足微网对于快速经济调度的需求,利用多代理系统的分布式计算能力,先令设备代理进行本地寻优,信息搜集代理再从中选出拥有全局最低平均价格的出力变化量,在多轮计算后使用微调找到近优解。此方法可兼容各种形式的成本函数。在60个不同场景中进行对比仿真,此方法分别在51和27个场景中的运算结果优于遗传算法和内点法,且在所有场景中运算速度明显更快,这保证了该文方法在大规模微网中的适用性。     

An Integrated Flexible All-Nanowire Infrared Sensing System with Record Photosensitivity

Infrared (IR) photodetectors are a key optoelectronic device and have thus attracted considerable research attention in recent years. Photosensitivity is an increasingly important device performance parameter for nanoscale photodetectors and image sensors, as it determines the ultimate imaging quality and contrast. However, photosensitivities of state-of-the-art low-dimensional nanostructure-based IR detectors are considerably low, limiting their practical applications. Herein, a biomimetic IR detection amplification (IRDA) system that boosts photosensitivity by several orders of magnitude by introducting nanowire field effect transistors (FETs), resulting in a peak photosensitivity of 7.6 × 10⁴ under an illumination of 1342 nm, is presented. Consequently, high-contrast imaging of IR light is obtained on the flexible IRDA arrays. The image information can be then trained and recognized by an artificial neural network for higher image-recognition efficiency. This work provides a new perspective for developing high-performance IR imaging systems, and is expected to undoubtedly enlighten future work on artificial intelligence and biorobotic systems.     

Owner’s Risk Allocation and Contractor’s Role Behavior in a Project: A Parallel-mediation Model

Risk allocation decisions are of critical importance in project management. The present study proposes an explanation for how risk allocation in a contract motivates a contractor to cooperate with a project owner. Theories of risk allocation and trust were used to motivate the research. Using a survey methodology, we collected data concerning 124 construction projects in China. We found that risk allocation influenced the contractor’s role behavior through the contractor’s feeling of being trusted but not the contractor’s trust in the owner. Feeling of being trusted partially mediated the effect of risk allocation on the contractor’s in-role (i.e., contractual) behavior and fully mediated the effect on extra-role behavior. The study introduces a social and psychological view of the impacts of risk allocation to the project and engineering management literature. We contribute to theory by arguing and demonstrating the mediating effect of trust on the relationship between risk allocation and contractor behavior. From a practical standpoint, we conclude that contractual risk allocation has a significant impact on building a trusting relationship between owners and contractors and that contractors who feel trusted perform both contractually mandated actions and actions external to the contract more diligently, resulting in the likelihood of improved outcomes for both parties.     

赛教结合在《建筑工程预算软件应用》课程中的实践研究

本文从职业技能竞赛的角度探讨了如何将"赛教结合"的理念应用到工程造价专业《建筑工程预算软件应用》核心课程中,构建基于"赛教结合"的《建筑工程预算软件应用》课程的教学体系和教学保障体系,以大赛带动教学,促进赛教一体化,实现毕业生零距离上岗,提高工程造价行业技术技能型人才培养水准。同时对培养学生的动手能力和工程素质,以及提升教师教学水平有着十分重要的实践意义。